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Sisyrinchium micranthum

Cav. (1788)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Asparagales Family: Iridaceae Genus: Sisyrinchium

sisyrinchium

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Annual or short-lived perennial herbs, 4–27 cm tall.

Stems: Flowering stems very narrowly winged, with 1–2 internodes bearing cauline leaves or scapose with a solitary spathe at end of the branch.

Roots: Fibrous root system.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Usually distichous, usually isobilateral and unifacial. Blades usually less than ½ as long as the flowering stems, 1–4 mm wide. Surfaces glabrous. Margins entire. Veins parallel. Sessile. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers several, spathes 12–35 mm long, outer spathe as long as to somewhat longer than the inner one. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic. Tepals yellow with reddish brown (sometimes described as magenta) eye–ring, 5–7 mm long. Stamens 3, Staminal column urceolate, ca. 1 mm long; filaments distinct for 0.5 mm or less; anthers less than 1 mm long. Ovary inferior, 3-carpellate, 3-celled, globose, up to 1 mm in diameter.

Fruit: Capsules globose; 2–5 mm in diameter; exserted 3–9 mm from spathes. Seeds blackish; ovoid to somewhat flattened on sides; ca. 1 mm in diameter; with a circular pit about ½ diameter of seed.

Ploidy: 2n = 32

Habitat: Naturalized in pastures.

Elevation Range: ca. 820 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Vegetative Reproduction

Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Diss. 6: 345 (1788)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1447 (EM, H [as S. exile], H? [as S. rosulatum]); Herbarium Pacificum Staff 1999:4 (Mo); Lau & Frohlich 2013:8 (O); Weakley et al. 2023 (Syn. S. exile, S. rosulatum = S. micranthum)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Sisyrinchium micranthum East Maui, Kuhiwa well area Assocated vegetation: koa, ohia. Preserved_Specimen Herb < 1dm. Starr, F. 105082 Maui BISH 2001-05-08
2 Sisyrinchium micranthum East Maui, Puu o Malei Growing in a close cropped horse pasture. Preserved_Specimen Weed. Hobdy, R.W. 2401 Maui BISH 1985-05-29
3 Sisyrinchium micranthum Poamoho Road, Helemano Forest Reserve Disturbed roadway with corse gravel, Psidium cattleianum, Dicranopteris linearis, Acacia Koa growing alongside road. Preserved_Specimen annual along road, growing in gravel, purple center, of white corrolla. No scent. Plants small <10cm. seems fairly localized to LZ parking area. Ching-Harbin, S. 2022051101 Oahu BISH 2022-04-25
4 Sisyrinchium micranthum Research Center Growing in lawn w. Pennisetum clandestinum & Cerastium vulgare. Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 9719 Hawaii BISH 1981-11-02
5 Sisyrinchium micranthum Schofield East Range, Ku Tree Landing Zone, on western edge of LZ, near road. Mostly open area, growing among Acaica confusa, Citharexylum caudatum, Andropogon virginicus. Preserved_Specimen Herbs to about 10 cm tall. Blades flat. Flowers after collection closed- tepals appearing yellow at outer base and purple/lavendar at outer tips. Gustine-Lee, J. 280 Oahu BISH 2012-03-19
6 Sisyrinchium micranthum Kokomo. Coming up in bare spots in lawn. Preserved_Specimen Delicate plants 4-6 inches tall; flowers funnel-shaped to urceolate, yellow with a brown eye ring, 7-8 mm long, outer tepals delicately pubescent. Hobdy, R.W. 4311 Maui BISH 2009-04-14
7 Sisyrinchium micranthum Kau Desert, Kpuka Locally frequent. Preserved_Specimen Annual herb, fls yellow. Fagerlund, G.O. 1051 Hawaii BISH 1945-04-28
8 Sisyrinchium micranthum Nu'uanu, Pali Lookout In mowed lawn leading to lookout Preserved_Specimen Uncommon, only a few patches seen, flowers yellow apically with reddish brown mouth Faccenda, K. 2494 Oahu BISH 2022-06-11
9 Sisyrinchium micranthum Kohala Mts, beginning of access rd to upper Hamakua ditch, just below Waimea reservoir In cow pasture. Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5548 Hawaii BISH 1985-06-24
10 Sisyrinchium micranthum Kau Forest Reserve, Mt. House Trail Common along roadside. Wet w/ tree ferns, Metrosideros, Tibouchina Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 202 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-04
11 Sisyrinchium micranthum Kaunakakai, along Forestry Rd. Locally common on recently graded unpaved roadside, on red clay, with various other weeds between Eucalyptus and Acacia mearnsii. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 40818 Molokai BISH 2008-04-23
12 Sisyrinchium micranthum Puukauwa Roadside with grasses. Preserved_Specimen Hughes, G.D. Molokai BISH 1992-05-10
13 Sisyrinchium micranthum Hawaii National Park, Kilauea, Observatory Bldg Preserved_Specimen Fls yellow; fr red-brown. Fagerlund, G.O. 879 Hawaii BISH 1944-03-10
14 Sisyrinchium micranthum Hamakua, Waimea, Kamoku, Kaala Paddock 1 small patch in wet place. Rare. Preserved_Specimen Fls purplish-blue, delicate. Hosaka, E.Y. 2089 Hawaii BISH 1938-05-25
15 Sisyrinchium micranthum Hamakua District, Honokaa town Growing around the foundation of the National Guard Armory, across street from Honoka'a Elementary School. Preserved_Specimen Herb with yellow flowers. Occasional. Herbst, D.R. 9777 Hawaii BISH 1996-07-03
16 Sisyrinchium micranthum East Maui, Keanae, on the road at the end of USFWS Tr#4, Koolau Gap Preserved_Specimen Fruiting. Welton, P. 2050 Maui BISH 1998-05-29
17 Sisyrinchium micranthum Obs.-Naturalist Bldg, in back of driveway Preserved_Specimen A few clumps. Fagerlund, G.O. 816 Hawaii BISH 1943-08-20
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